Crop Alerts
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June 16, 2017 – More potato psyllids found in Magic Valley
Potato All Locations
Potato Psyllid
Posted on: June 16, 2017 by Lucy Standley
Psyllids were collected this week on sticky traps in potato in the following counties: Twin Falls (1 field) and Jerome (1 field).
This week, we collected 2 psyllids from sticky cards (1 from Light sites and 1 from Intense sites).
We had traps deployed in 78 of the estimated 96 fields (81.2%) that will be monitored this year and found psyllids in 2 of these 78 fields (2.5%).
All psyllids collected last week tested negative for Lso (liberibacter), the bacterium that causes zebra chip
As always, we urge growers and crop consultants to have an IPM program in place.
More information can be found here: http://www.uidaho.edu/cals/potatoes/news
--Click on the links under “Updated weekly reports” for details on trap captures in Intense and Light sites.
--Click on the “Psyllid Management” link on the left panel for information on psyllid and zebra chip biology and management.
U of Idaho Parma Field Day - 2017
All Crops All Locations
Posted on: June 16, 2017 by Jerry Neufeld
This is a reminder that the University of Idaho Parma R and E Center will be hosting a Field Day on the morning of June 21, 2017. Stop by and visit with our faculty and staff about our 2017 research projects, see our facility and have lunch and refreshments with us. Please RSVP by calling 722-6701 or emailing laphillips@uidaho.edu to let them know you plan to attend. Idaho Pesticide Applicator Recertification and CCA credits will be issued. For additional information visit our web site, http://www.uidaho.edu/cals/parma-research-and-extension-center , or click on the pdf below.
Cereal Field Days - Schedule for Southern / Eastern Idaho
All Crops All Locations
Pests and Varieties of Wheat and Barley
Posted on: June 12, 2017 by Juliet Marshall
Attached is the schedule for the Southern / Eastern Idaho Cereal-related Field Days hosted by the UI Extension and Agricultural Experiment Stations.
First potato psyllids found in Treasure Valley
Potato All Locations
Potato Psyllid
Posted on: June 9, 2017 by Lucy Standley
Psyllids were collected this week on sticky traps in potato in the following counties: Cassia (1 field) and Canyon (2 fields).
This week, we collected 3 psyllids from sticky cards (1 from Light sites and 2 from Intense sites).
We had traps deployed in 67 of the estimated 96 fields (69.7%) that will be monitored this year and found psyllids in 3 of these 67 fields (4.4%).
All psyllids collected last week tested negative for Lso (liberibacter), the bacterium that causes zebra chip
As always, we urge growers and crop consultants to have an IPM program in place.
More information can be found here: http://www.uidaho.edu/cals/potatoes/news
--Click on the links under “Updated weekly reports” for details on trap captures in Intense and Light sites.
--Click on the “Psyllid Management” link on the left panel for information on psyllid and zebra chip biology and management.
Snake River Weed Research Tour at the Malheur Experiment Station on June 14
Announcements Treasure Valley
Posted on: June 7, 2017 by Bill Buhrig
It is time for the annual Weed Research Tour at the Malheur Experiment Station! The public is invited to attend. Read on for more information!
Place: Malheur Experiment Station, 595 Onion Ave, Ontario, OR
Date: Wednesday, June 14, 2017
Registration starts at 8:00am with coffee and donuts
The tour will start promptly at 8:30AM and end at 12:00PM.
A complementary lunch will be served at the conclusion of the tour.
Pesticide recertification credits for Idaho and Oregon will be available
The tour will feature research studies for weed management in direct-seeded onion, sugar beet, field corn, sweetpotato, wheat, and potato. The first stop will be at our yellow nutsedge “field laboratory” along Hwy 201 just before crossing the rail tracks (if headed north to Ontario from Nyssa). The stop along Hwy 201 will feature studies on yellow nutsedge control in onion, sugar beet, and field corn. We will then proceed to the station and tour studies on weed control in direct-seeded onion, sweetpotato, field corn, and potato.
Please call 541-889-2174 or email janet.jones@oregonstate.edu if you need more information. Please check out the link for more events coming your way from the good folks at the Malheur Experiment Station.
Seed Piece Decay Due to Soft Rot
Potato Eastern Idaho
Pectobacterium spp.
Posted on: June 5, 2017 by Kasia Kinzer and Phillip Wharton
In the past few weeks we received three separate unrelated calls regarding poorly performing and rotting potato seed pieces in fields in eastern Idaho. Based on field visits and samples that were brought in to the extension seed potato lab in Idaho Falls, the predominant problem appears to be soft rot. The common theme of these samples were that they were from fields which were waterlogged, and most of the seed pieces that we looked at had enlarged lenticels.
Soft rot is caused by bacteria that produce pectolytic enzymes that break down pectin (polysaccharides found in plant cell walls). The soft rot pathogens can also grow and reproduce in environments where oxygen levels are low, a situation that can occur in wet soil. Soft rot pathogens need wounds or enlarged lenticels to gain entry into the potato tuber. They are not able to breach an intact, healthy, uncompromised tuber, which is why soft rot often appears after seed piece decay caused by Fusarium species. More rarely in Idaho, soft rot may follow seed piece decay caused by Pythium leak or late blight. Another important note about soft rot pathogens is that, although they can be tuber-borne, they can also be found in soil and water in the environment.
The seed pieces had been treated with a fungicide dust treatment immediately after cutting, and consequently, low levels to no Fusarium dry rot were observed on the samples. In all three cases, the fields were planted within 48 hours of seed being cut, which means the wounds from cutting were not fully healed. Our spring was particularly wet in most locations across Idaho. The combination of the enlarged lenticels, likely due to wet field conditions, and unhealed wounds on seed pieces planted in wet soils seems to have created the perfect environment for soft rot to thrive.
Unfortunately, there are few measures that can be taken to control soft rot after planting apart from drying out the soil to the extent possible, such as by shutting off or reducing irrigation. In some cases, if soft rot has affected over 50% of the field, and there is sufficient seed available, the grower may want to consider plowing up the field waiting for it to dry out sufficiently and the soil temperature to rise above 55F and then re-planting.
For more information see the attached links or visit www.idahopotatodiseases.org
» http://www.idahopotatodiseases.org/bacterial_soft_rot.html
More potato psyllids found in Magic Valley
Potato All Locations
Potato Psyllid
Posted on: June 2, 2017 by Lucy Standley
Psyllids were collected this week on sticky traps in potato in the following counties: Gooding (1 field), Jerome (1 field), and Minidoka (1 field).
This week, we collected 6 psyllids from sticky cards (2 from Light sites and 4 from Intense sites).
We had traps deployed in 57 of the estimated 83 fields (68.6%) that will be monitored this year and found psyllids in 3 of these 57 fields (5.2%).
As always, we urge growers and crop consultants to have an IPM program in place.
More information can be found here: http://www.uidaho.edu/cals/potatoes/news
--Click on the links under “Updated weekly reports” for details on trap captures in Intense and Light sites.
--Click on the “Psyllid Management” link on the left panel for information on psyllid and zebra chip biology and management.
First Lso-positive potato psyllid found in Idaho this season
Potato All Locations
potato psyllids
Posted on: June 1, 2017 by Erik Wenninger
One psyllid collected last week from a yellow sticky card deployed at the Kimberly Research & Extension Center tested positive for Lso (liberibacter), the bacterium associated with zebra chip disease. No psyllids collected from commercial fields tested positive.
On Friday we will post details on our monitoring results from this week.
We continue to urge growers and crop consultants to implement IPM programs for zebra chip.
More information can be found here: http://www.uidaho.edu/cals/potatoes/news
--Click on the links under “Updated weekly reports” for details on trap captures in Intense and Light sites.
--Click on the “Psyllid Management” link on the left panel for information on psyllid and zebra chip biology and management.
May 26, 2017 First potato psyllids found in Idaho potato fields this season
Potato All Locations
Potato Psyllid
Posted on: May 26, 2017 by Lucy Standley
We retrieved our first set of sticky traps from potato fields this season and found on these cards our first potato psyllids for the 2017 potato season.
Potato psyllids were collected on sticky traps in potato in the following counties: Twin Falls (1 field), Minidoka (2 fields).
This week, we collected 3 psyllids from sticky cards (2 from Light sites and 1 from Intense sites).
We had traps deployed in 17 of the estimated 73 fields (23%) that will be monitored this year and found psyllids in 3 of the monitored fields (17.6%).
More information can be found here: http://www.uidaho.edu/cals/potatoes/news
--Click on the links under “Updated weekly reports” for details on trap captures in Intense and Light sites.
--Click on the “Psyllid Management” link on the left panel for information on psyllid and zebra chip biology and management.
Lygus Bug emergence in Alfalfa Seed
All Crops All Locations
Lygus bug
Posted on: May 25, 2017 by Jerry Neufeld
The Lygus degree day calculator hosted by Integrated Plant Protection Center at Oregon State University and the IPM Centers - PNW Coalition shows that, depending on your location in the Treasure Valley, we have accumulated 257 degree days between January 1, 2017 and May 23, 2017. This is 18 days behind compared to this date in 2016 and 12 days behind the 30-year average. Peak emergence of lygus bug 1st and 2nd instar nymphs should occur right around 272 accumulated degree days: this usually occurs around mid-May, and is the time monitoring for lygus bugs in alfalfa seed fields should begin. Right now that is predicted to occur about May 26.
When using most insecticides, fields should be treated when numbers of lygus bugs reach 4-5 lygus bug nymphs per 180 degree sweep. Growers using Assail, or Beleaf, as stand-alone sprays probably should treat before or just as 4th instar nymphs are detected. We will plan to put out another alert as we approach 272 degree days in Parma. You can follow the degree accumulation yourself by using the web link at the bottom of this announcement. If all works correctly the location will be set to Parma and the correct model already will be listed. You can adjust the location and other information using the instructions below:
1) Select the location nearest you by selecting the appropriate pin in the map at the top of the page. The above data are for the Parma location. Results likely will vary depending on the location selected.
2) Select “insects” in the category drop down box under the map, then select the “Lygus bug [alfalfa seed] Ben Simko 2000” model from the “Select model” link to the right of the Model box. It should be model 61 in the list.
3) The predicted date for the 275 degree day accumulation for peak 1st and 2nd instar lygus nymphs will be listed in the “DDs Event” text box. You also can view the full model output by selecting the button labeled “Click here to CALC/ RUN model w/daily output”
Thanks for Dr. JIm Barbour for providing this information.
U of Idaho Parma Field Day
Announcements Treasure Valley
Posted on: May 25, 2017 by Jerry Neufeld
The University of Idaho will be hosting a Field Day at the Parma R and E Center on June 21, 2017. Lunch and refreshments will be provided. Please RSVP by calling 722-6701 or emailing laphillips@uidaho.edu to let them know you plan to attend. For additional information click on the pdf below.
Potato Sustainability Audit Manual
All Crops All Locations
None
Posted on: May 24, 2017 by Nora Olsen
Manual and resources now available to help navigate the Potato Sustainability Initiative (PSI) survey and audit
Announcements recently went out on whether you will be audited in person for your 2016 responses to the Potato Sustainability Initiative (PSI) survey. Most process growers are requested to participate in the PSI sustainability survey and approximately 20% of the growers who completed the survey will be audited each year. The audit involves an interview between the grower and auditor with specific questions and an inspection of documents. A manual has been developed to help growers to methodically and successfully gather required documents for the audit, with examples of standard operating procedures, and resources to help answer interview questions. The manual is posted at www.uidaho.edu/cals/potatoes. Changes to this manual will be done periodically to adjust for changes to the PSI survey. The manual was developed by IACI, University of Idaho, and Washington State University with funding from the NW Potato Research Consortium.
2017 Potato psyllid monitoring program underway in Idaho
Potato All Locations
potato psyllids
Posted on: May 18, 2017 by Erik Wenninger
The University of Idaho, in collaboration with Miller Research and several crop consultants across the state will continue our monitoring program for potato psyllids, zebra chip, and liberibacter (Lso), the bacterium that causes zebra chip. The monitoring program covers commercial potato fields throughout southern Idaho and is funded in part by IPC, USDA, and generous in-kind contributions by our collaborators.
The first deployment of sticky cards occurred this week in 12 Treasure Valley sites and 21 Magic Valley sites. Next week we expect to initiate sampling in 15 and 20 additional fields in the Treasure and Magic valleys, respectively.
More details on the program will be forthcoming as we continue to ramp up sampling efforts. More information and resources on potato psyllids and zebra chip, including management and scouting recommendations, can be found at the link below.
http://www.uidaho.edu/cals/potatoes/news/psyllid-management
» http://www.uidaho.edu/cals/potatoes/news/psyllid-management
sugarbeet root maggot 2017
All Crops All Locations
https://pnwhandbooks.org/insect/agronomic/sugar-beet/sugar-beet-sugar-beet-root-maggot
Posted on: May 16, 2017 by Jerry Neufeld
The degree day calculator (hosted by the Integrated Plant Protection Center at Oregon State University; http://uspest.org/cgi-bin/ddmodel.us) for the sugar beet root maggot fly shows that—depending on your location in the Treasure Valley—we have accumulated nearly 360 growing degree days since January 1, 2017. Peak flight of root maggot flies should occur after 360 accumulated growing degree days when the maximum high temperature exceeds 80 degrees F. In the Treasure Valley this will be very soon.
Root maggot flies will lay eggs near sugarbeet plants. After the larvae hatch they will begin feeding on the young sugarbeets. Look for these pests to appear in the western end of the Treasure Valley first. If you haven’t applied a treatment for sugarbeet root maggot, now is the time to do so. The link below from the 2017 PNW Insect Management handbook contains additional information. Visit with your field consultant from AMSCO for treatment options.
» https://pnwhandbooks.org/insect/agronomic/sugar-beet/sugar-beet-sugar-beet-root-maggot
Lygus Bug in Alfalfa Seed, 2017
All Crops All Locations
Lygus Bug
Posted on: May 16, 2017 by Jerry Neufeld
The Lygus degree day calculator hosted by Integrated Plant Protection Center at Oregon State University and the IPM Centers - PNW Coalition shows that, depending on your location in the Treasure Valley, we have accumulated 201 degree days between January 1, 2017 and May 15, 2017. This is 17 days behind compared to this date in 2016 and 10 days ahead of the 30-year average. Peak emergence of lygus bug 1st and 2nd instar nymphs should occur right around 272 accumulated degree days: this usually occurs around mid-May, and is the time monitoring for lygus bugs in alfalfa seed fields should begin. Right now that is predicted to occur about May 25.
When using most insecticides, fields should be treated when numbers of lygus bugs reach 4-5 lygus bug nymphs per 180 degree sweep. Growers using Assail, or Beleaf, as stand-alone sprays probably should treat before 4th instar nymphs are detected. We will plan to put out another alert as we approach 272 degree days in Parma.
Below are the instructions for using the degree day calculator.
1) Select the location nearest you by selecting the appropriate pin in the map at the top of the page. The above data are for the Parma location. Results likely will vary depending on the location selected.
2) Select “insects” in the category drop down box under the map, then select the “Lygus bug [alfalfa seed] Ben Simko 2000” model from the “Select model” link to the right of the Model box. It should be model 61 in the list.
3) The predicted date for the 275 degree day accumulation for peak 1st and 2nd instar lygus nymphs will be listed in the “DDs Event” text box. You also can view the full model output by selecting the button labeled “Click here to CALC/ RUN model w/daily output”
Native Wildflower Seed Production Field Day
Announcements Treasure Valley
Posted on: May 11, 2017 by Bill Buhrig
The Annual Malheur Experiment Station Native Wildflower Seed Production Field Day is only one week away!
You are welcome to attend on Thursday, May 18, 2017 at the Experiment Station located at 595 Onion Ave just a few miles out of Ontario.
Registration begins at 8:30 AM, Event begins at 9:00 AM and complimentary lunch will be served. Please reserve lunch by calling Janet Jones at (541) 889-2174 or by emailing her at janet.jones@oregonstate.edu.
Check out the link for more info!
Western Cherry Fruit Fly (WCFF) Anouncement
Cherry Treasure Valley
Western Cherry Fruit Fly
Posted on: May 8, 2017 by Dian Roberson
This week the Idaho State Department of Agriculture set out traps for its annual Western Cherry Fruit Fly (WCFF) survey in Canyon and Gem counties. They will be monitoring the traps for first capture of WCFF as an indication that the flies are emerging in those locations and that treatment should begin.
Online phenology and degree-day modeling for WCFF predicts first flight on May 25 in Ontario/Parma, May 26 in Nampa, May 27 in Caldwell/Emmett and
May28 in Boise.
For more information contact Paul Castrovillo at paul.castrovillo@isda.idaho.gov or call 208-332-8627
ISDA Pesticide Disposal Program, 2017
Announcements Treasure Valley - Idaho
Posted on: April 27, 2017 by Jerry Neufeld
ISDA will be hosting unusable pesticide collections in southwest and north Idaho in May 2017. Click on the pdf below for more information.
Yes, It is Robigalia, April 25th. The rust god is not appeased
Small Grains All Locations
Stripe rust in wheat
Posted on: April 26, 2017 by Juliet Marshall
BYD is being found on winter wheat and winter barley planted early in the fall 2016, and was worse in field planted without insecticidal seed treatments.
Stripe rust is starting in Idaho and the weather is very conducive to spread. Reports so far came Friday from Parma (on volunteer), yesterday from Twin Falls county on Everest hard red winter, and today - Power County on SY Ovation.
Parma (western Idaho) SR was found on lower and middle leaves. In Twin Falls county and Power county, SR was on middle to younger leaves. Crop is early jointing to late tillering.
The following is the report on stripe rust sent to my cereal pathology pest alert email group:
Did the the subject line catch your attention? Good.
Today is April 25th.
Robigalia!
from Anne Delgehausen, St. Paul, MN:
Screen Shot 2016-04-25 at 7.48.18 AM.png (SEE picture)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robigalia An ancient Roman festival held to appease the God of rust (Robigus or Robigo). The Roman’s celebrated Robigalia, an annual festival that, through sacrifices and feasting, and hoped to prevent rust from destroying the upcoming crop.
May the evidence of your victory over the
Puccinia
be abundant in your fields!
AS I did last year on this date, I am sending this reminder of the devastating diseases caused by the rust fungi (Puccinia) - specifically in this case, as usual, stripe rust, also called yellow rust
While we no longer sacrifice red dogs (or sheep or goats) to stop stem rust, we battle another Puccinia (Puccinia striiformis), stripe rust almost every year now. While I am not suggesting you switch to sacrificing YELLOW dogs, however, I am suggesting that you remain vigilant in your battles against the yield-robbing fungi that affect so many wheat varieties.
So Yes, this email is a reminder that stripe rust is continuing to spread in irrigated and dryland crops.
This weather is very conducive to the spread of stripe rust. With susceptible varieties of winter wheat, it is highly recommended that you add fungicides in with the herbicides. But there are legitimate concerns about phytotoxicity associated with tank mixing.
Some general recommendations:
1) Application of tank mixes of herbicides and fungicides may result in phytotoxicity when cold (frosty) temperatures follow application. The same applies, more for spring wheat, when hot temperatures follow applications.
2) High pressure applications (40 psi) may result in increased phytotoxicity over lower pressure applications (30 psi).
3) No additional surfactant should be used when wild oat herbicides (Axial XL, Axial Star, Discover) are mixed with fungicides.
4) Bromoxynil herbicides (such as Bronate Advanced, Starane NXT, Maestro Advanced) should not be mixed with strobilurin fungicides.
5) READ and follow all label directions.
Last year I called some of our reps from various companies, who offered the following information:
From Kelly Luff of Bayer Crop Science:
Stratego (4-5 oz rate) can be tank mixed with herbicides, but leave out NIS. (Absolute is not recommended in this market due to potential phytotoxicity. Stratego YLD is not recommended.)
Do not spray prior to high risk of frost or freezing temperatures. Optimum performance comes when applications are made when frost isn’t occurring for a few days after application. Herbicides mixed with MSO increases burn especially with frost after application.
From Allan Landon of Syngenta:
Quilt, Headline and Twinline can be mixed with herbicides, but do not add surfactants with the mix. Wild oat herbicides (Axial XL, Axial Star or Discover) are higher in risk for phytotoxicity when mixed with these fungicides. (On the label: Twinline demonstrates phytotoxicity when mixed with EC formulated herbicides or insecticides and/or fertilizers.)
Actively growing, non-stressed crops fare better than stressed crops. Yellowing may occur, but crop should grow out of the symptoms.
From Joe Yennish of Dow:
Avoid mixing strobilurin fungicides with bromoxynil herbicides. PropiMax fungicide is a propiconizole and can be tank mixed with herbicides.
For Winter Wheat:
Stripe rust has been found where Brundage soft white winter wheat is grown. Reports so far came Friday from Parma (on volunteer), yesterday from Twin Falls county on Everest hard red winter, and today - Power County on SY Ovation.
For Spring wheat:
Choose resistant spring wheat varieties. Susceptible varieties should be protected with fungicides, including at herbicide timing.
Scout wheat for stripe rust, even resistant varieties. Changes in stripe rust races will mean that resistance may no longer be effective. PLEASE send reports and photos to me so we can keep track!
Cheers! I’ll be drinking red wine tonight, not white (yellow). Here’s to controlling rust!
Juliet
Diseases in Cereals - Stripe Rust confirmed in western Idaho
All Crops All Locations
Stripe rust in wheat
Posted on: April 24, 2017 by Juliet Marshall
Stripe rust on volunteer wheat was found by an observant colleague in western Idaho near Parma. Lower leaves are seen with stripe rust indicating it is likely that it overwintered. I will be receiving the sample and checking to be sure that it is wheat. Please scout fields of susceptible varieties in all areas of southern Idaho. So far, we have not seen stripe rust in our variety trial plots in Brundage, known to be very susceptible to stripe rust. Our plots were not planted early, and could have possibly missed an early fall infection. The current weather is very conducive for spread and infection.
Please report stripe rust to your local Extension county educator, specialist or to Juliet Marshall so we can track the progress and warn producers to promote timely fungicide application.
Malheur County Weed Advisory Board White-top Program
Announcements Northern Idaho
Posted on: April 20, 2017 by Bill Buhrig
The annual white-top and perennial pepperweed focus days are quickly approaching for Malheur County residents. Please check out the attached flier and link for more information. This is a good program and we thank County Weed Supervisor Gary Page and Co. for their hard work on this!
» http://extension.oregonstate.edu/malheur/sites/default/files/controlling_white_top.pdf
Apple Aphid
Landscape and Garden All Locations
Aphis Pomei
Posted on: April 17, 2017 by Rich Guggenheim
Nymphs of the Apple aphid, which overwinters as an egg has been detected on ornamental landscape varieties of apple and crabapple. Although they rarely cause economic loss to trees, control may be desired in the home landscape for cosmetic purposes.
The best timing for woolly apple aphid control is petal-fall with a systemic insecticide, or during the summer with an effective contact insecticide. Application of dormant oil plus an insecticide at delayed dormant stage (half-inch-green) may
provide season-long control of green and rosy apple aphids.
» http://digitalcommons.usu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1663&context=extension_curall
Onion Maggot Advisory for Malheur County
Onion Northern Idaho
Onion Maggot
Posted on: April 14, 2017 by Stuart Reitz
ODA Pesticides Program has identified a limited number of pesticide products with labels allowing applications to cull piles. Those products are:
Azaguard (BioSafe),
Ecozin Plus (AMVAC),
Malathion 8F (Gowan) and
Malathion 5EC (Arysta).
The Advisory and Labels for the four products specified in the Advisory are available on the Malheur County Website: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/malheur/agriculture.
The directions for applications to cull pile areas on the labels may indicate mosquitos as the target pest, but it is the specific use site (cull piles) that is necessary for the applications to be legally allowed, regardless the specific pest being targeted.
Please note, this advisory is for Oregon. The Idaho Department of Agriculture has issued information for Idaho.
Please contact David Priebe, Rose Kachadoorian, or Dale Mitchell if you have questions or concerns about the advisory for Malheur County.
David Priebe (503)986-4656 / dpriebe@oda.state.or.us
» http://extension.oregonstate.edu/malheur/sites/default/files/cullonionpesticideadvisoryfinal.pdf
Predicted Lygus emergence
Alfalfa Seed Treasure Valley
Lygus bug
Posted on: April 7, 2017 by Jerry Neufeld
The Lygus degree day calculator hosted by Integrated Plant Protection Center at Oregon State University and the IPM Centers - PNW Coalition shows that, depending on your location in the Treasure Valley, we have accumulated 78 degree days between January 1, 2017 and April 6, 2017. This is 8 days behind compared to this date in 2016 and 7 days ahead of the 30-year average. Peak emergence of lygus bug 1st and 2nd instar nymphs should occur right around 272 accumulated degree days: this usually occurs around mid-May, and is the time monitoring for lygus bugs in alfalfa seed fields should begin. Right now that is predicted to occur about May 15.
When using most insecticides, fields should be treated when numbers of lygus bugs reach 4-5 lygus bug nymphs per 180 degree sweep. Growers using Assail, or Beleaf, as stand-alone sprays probably should treat before 4th instar nymphs are detected. We will plan to put out another alert in early May, but you can monitor degree day accumulation using the link provided below as follows:
1) Select the location nearest you by selecting the appropriate pin in the map at the top of the page. The above data are for the Parma location. Results likely will vary depending on the location selected.
2) Select “insects” in the category drop down box under the map, then select the “Lygus bug [alfalfa seed] Ben Simko 2000” model from the “model params” drop down box.
3) The predicted date for the 272 degree day accumulation for peak 1st and 2nd instar lygus nymphs will be listed in the “DDs Event” text box. You also can view the full model output by selecting the button labeled “Click here to CALC/ RUN model w/daily output”
The link below will take you to the growing degree day model.
Thanks for Dr. Jim Barbour for this information.
Diseases in Cereals - Look Out for Stripe Rust
Small Grains All Locations
Stripe rust and other diseases in cereals
Posted on: April 6, 2017 by Juliet Marshall
Current Situation with Cereals in Southern Idaho
First the good news!
There is a lot less damage in the area from snow mold and barley yellow dwarf than I expected. Good for our growers! Bad for me! Even my snow mold testing plots in Tetonia did not get as much snow mold as I was hoping. So far, the damage we see in our winter grain is related to excessive water, ponding, and successive freeze/thaw cycles. Not unexpectedly, winter wheat survived this stress much better than the winter barley. I know many people are already reseeding or have already seeded a spring crop into the dead areas of the winter (especially in wheat - a soft white wheat into a soft white winter, for example). This should be done as soon as possible to minimize the differing crop growth stages between the two crops. This is harder to do if you have a winter malt barley as mixing barley varieties will not work under contracted malt barley.
Now the bad news. HEADS UP, Western Idaho! You will be the first to see incoming stripe rust, if you don’t already have it. I am afraid we need to be prepared for a bad stripe rust year. Both Dr. Mike Flowers, OSU, and Dr. Xianming Chen have confirmed stripe rust throughout Oregon and Washington production areas. Mike said today the early planted winter wheat in Eastern Oregon has widespread stripe rust occurring in susceptible varieties. Xianming Chen also reported potentially heavy pressure and widespread occurrence throughout Washington, with stripe rust showing up a month earlier than average, foreboding a stripe rust year similar to 2011.
I have AS YET to find stripe rust overwintering in our winter wheat. It does not mean that it is not present! Please be sure to scout the susceptible varieties for stripe rust. If you have a field of Brundage soft white winter wheat for example, scout it soon and please let me know if you have stripe rust! The sooner we scout, confirm, and treat an infected field, will can reduce yield loss, and the sooner our neighbors can be forewarned about protecting their crop - yes this is a community disease!
WHAT IF I FIND STRIPE RUST? When should I apply fungicides?
The general recommendations this year will include applications of preventative fungicide at herbicide timing for susceptible varieties - PRIOR to even seeing stripe rust. Applications may need to continue as needed. Resistant varieties should not need fungicide applications - however, keep an eye on all varieties. Stripe rust races change. Even moderately resistant varieties may need an application of fungicides to reduce yield loss in severe years - if 5% of the plants in the field show stripe rust, applications of triazole-containing fungicides is recommended. Strobilurins and triazoles are protective, and triazoles are better at reducing spread in already infected plants.
Please note that BARLEY is not immune. We saw higher than normal levels of barley stripe rust in the plots near Aberdeen last year. I even saw stripe rust in triticale! (It did not cause yield loss - it was just interesting - to me.) Usually, barley stripe rust does not cause enough damage to warrant fungicide applications.
What else should I be watching for in cereals?
Winter wheat - take-all and straw breaker - especially with high soil moisture conditions. Definitely stripe rust - higher moisture always increases the chances of stripe rust spreading rapidly. Maybe powdery mildew, especially in heavily seeded fields..
Spring wheat - Stripe rust. Select a resistant variety to plant or be prepared to apply fungicides. Pythium can be a problem in cold, wet soils, especially with heavy crop residue (see the notes on Pythium in spring barley). Cereal cyst nematodes could be a problem too, especially in wetter soils.
Winter barley - winter kill has occurred in low areas of the field. In wetter weather, watch for the development of scald and / or spot form of net blotch. Barley stripe rust may also be present, but usually does not occur at damaging levels.
Spring barley - last year I saw powdery mildew in seedling barley. I was very surprised. It can easily be controlled with fungicides at herbicide timing. (Be aware of potential “hot” mixes by combining herbicides and fungicides - the damage risk increases with use of crop oils.) Stripe rust may be more of a problem in six-rowed varieties. Spot form of net blotch (SFNB) and scald will be problematic in wetter years, especially if you have crop residue of barley in no-till situations. Pythium will be a problem when planting into cold, wet spring soils. Last year we found mefanoxam resistant Pythium in a barley field. If your seed treatment (metalaxyl or mefanoxam) does not seem to be effective, let us know! Cereal cyst nematodes could be a problem too, especially in wetter soils.
TWO EARLY TO PREDICT:
Bacterial streak in barley, black chaff in spring wheat, and FHB in spring cereals. Stay tuned.
