Crop Alerts
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cereal leaf beetle
Small Grains Treasure Valley
cereal leaf beetle
Posted on: May 31, 2013 by Jerry Neufeld
I just got from scouting a spring wheat field at the UI Parma R and E Center. There are areas of the field that are experiencing heavy damage from cereal leaf beetle larvae. You may want to keep an eye out for this pest in your spring grain fields.
2ee label for Vydate in potatoes
Potato All Locations
potato psyllid
Posted on: May 29, 2013 by Jerry Neufeld
Attached is the new Vydate®C-LV 2ee label from Dupont for suppression of Zebra Chip disease in potatoes. Click on the pdf below to view the label.
Western Cherry Fruit Fly
Tree Fruits Treasure Valley
Western Cherry Fruit Fly
Posted on: May 29, 2013 by Jerry Neufeld
Click on the pdf below for information about emergence dates for Western Cherry Fruit Fly at various Treasure Valley locations. Jodie Ellis from the Idaho State Department of Agriculture provided this information.
Stripe rust alert
Small Grains All Locations
Stripe rust
Posted on: May 28, 2013 by Juliet Marshall
I have had the first report of stripe rust in Idaho this year in the Hazleton area on Brundage soft white winter wheat. It was first seen 22 May by the pilot for Red Baron, Clay Seamons, and reported to me by Jared Hobson. Clay sent pictures and yes it is stripe rust.
Please scout susceptible varieties!! I will be traveling through the area on Thursday for BYDV scouting and impact assessments, but will also make additional confirmation of stripe rust. If this is the case, I am not surprised given the flow of wind from the south west where stripe rust is consistently an issue in California. It could have blown in from there. The current weather is favorable for infection and spread. winter wheat is heading and fungicides can be sprayed up to 50% flowering. I have a fungicide efficacy chart available at:
http://www.extension.uidaho.edu/scseidaho/
I would love to hear from you if you have additional suspected fields!
potato psyllid identification and trapping workshops
Announcements Treasure Valley
potato psyllid
Posted on: May 28, 2013 by Jerry Neufeld
Just want to remind everyone about the Potato Psyllid trapping and identification workshop from 1 to 3 pm today at the UI Parma R and E Center.
Potato Psyllid trapping and identification workshops will be held across Idaho in late May. There will be a workshop on May 28 at the UI Parma R and E Center, on May 29 at Miller Research in Rupert, and on May 30 at the UI Idaho Falls R and E Center. For more information, including times, click on the pdf below which will bring up the April 19, 2013 edition of the Potato Progress edited by Andrew Jensen.
UI potato psyllid scouting program started
Potato All Locations
potato psyllids and ZC
Posted on: May 24, 2013 by Erik Wenninger
The University of Idaho, in collaboration with Miller Research and several crop consultants across the state, has initiated a scouting program that covers commercial potato fields throughout southern Idaho. The project is funded in part by ISDA. The primary means of sampling psyllids will be by the use of yellow sticky cards, although vacuum samples and leaf samples are being taken from some fields as well. The first traps were deployed during the week of May 13; thus far, no potato psyllids have been found in any samples. Details of the monitoring program and results of monitoring efforts (by county) will be available soon.
Western Cherry Fruit Fly
Tree Fruits Treasure Valley - Idaho
Western Cherry Fruit Fly
Posted on: May 23, 2013 by Jerry Neufeld
The following information was submitted to the PestAlert Network by Jodie Ellis, Program Manager with ISDA.
"On Thursday, May 23rd, seven adult Western cherry fruit flies were found on an ISDA trap near Caldwell (Sunnyslope Road) in Canyon County. If growers observe that their cherries are yellowing, they may wish to start control measures for this pest before oviposition in the fruit begins. Pesticides commonly used for Western cherry fruit fly are carbaryl, malathion, spinosad, Delegate, Imidan, or Asan. Always use pesticides according to label recommendations."
Jodie Ellis
Program Manager
Idaho State Department of Agriculture
Jodie.Ellis@agri.idaho.gov
208.332.8627 (office)
765.543.4533 (cell)
Revision to Advisory
All Crops All Locations
Codling Moth, Fireblight, Cherry Mildew, and Leafroller
Posted on: May 16, 2013 by Tony McCammon
This is a revision from yesterday's Fruit Advisory. The Table on page two has been updated.
Pest Advisory
Tree Fruits All Locations
Codling Moth, Fireblight, Fruitworm, and aphids
Posted on: May 15, 2013 by Tony McCammon
Click on the link to view the advisory newsletter. In this issue, Timing for codling moth has started in all of Southern Idaho. Other pests to watch for are aphids, mites, thrips, and fire blight.
cereal leaf beetle
Small Grains Treasure Valley
cereal leaf beetle
Posted on: May 13, 2013 by Jerry Neufeld
Last week I found cereal leaf beetle larvae in winter wheat at the UI Parma R and E Center. There were not many, but they are out there. You may want to keep a look out for these pests, especially as spring grains begin to increase in foliage, since they are the preferred host.
colorado potato beetle
Potato Treasure Valley
colorado potato beetle
Posted on: May 13, 2013 by Jerry Neufeld
Colorado potato beetles were found in volunteer potatoes late last week in the Parma area. So far, only overwintered adults have been observed, and they will do little damage to potatoes. Scouting should begin soon for eggs and for larvae, which can cause considerable damage to commercial potatoes.
» CPB Eggs
BYDV infection in wheat and barley
Small Grains All Locations
BYDV vectored by aphids
Posted on: May 9, 2013 by Juliet Marshall
PNW Pest Alert. Prepared by Juliet M. Marshall, May 9, 2013.
Widespread incidence of Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus (BYDV) – infected winter wheat and winter barley is evident throughout the Magic Valley from Buhl to Murtaugh. Symptoms include yellowing of leaves, stunting of plants both above and below ground (look for small root systems), and irregular heading with small heads in affected plants. Often, the most severe symptoms will occur along field edges and the edges created along the tracks of pivot tires. (Please see pictures.) There may also be a yellowing to a very characteristic reddening of leaves of infected weedy grasses in nearby ditch banks (Fig. 3), which also host the virus and aphids. Additional symptoms may also include notching of the leaf margins, twisting, leaf tip scorch, and abnormal development of emerging leaves.
Yield losses increase with earlier infections, and can approach 100% in severely affected fields, especially in early-infected winter barley. Fall infection occurred in 2012 as large populations of aphids migrating from other crops to newly emerged wheat or barley. Aphids are attracted to lush growth that occurs under irrigation, often leaving plants in dryland corners alone. Those plants emerging earlier or planted earlier were more likely to attract viruliferous aphids. A mild fall led to increases in aphid populations into December before a hard frost reduced their impact and subsequent transmission of virus.
The species of aphids that can carry the BYDV viruses are many, but the most common culprits include Bird cherry-oat aphids and English grain aphids. Greenbug and corn leaf aphids can also transmit the BYDV virus.
The virus strain identified by molecular techniques (by Dr. Alex Karasev, UI virologist in Moscow) was the PAV strain of BYDV, which is efficiently transmitted by the Bird cherry oat aphid (Ropalosiphum padi) and the English grain aphid (Schizaphis avenae). Aphids can pick up the BYDV virus from infected wild and cultivated grasses, volunteer cereals, and corn. The virus spreads only in conjunction with the movement of the aphid vector, and transmission is greater at low temperatures. The virus is not seed-borne.
At this point, reducing crop stress will reduce the effect of the virus on the plant, but yield losses will occur both through reduced grain production as well as reduced test weight. The most effective control is through the use of resistant varieties, but insecticidal seed treatments may reduce the initial spread in fall wheat and barley. Viruliferous aphids will still transmit the virus in the fall before the insecticides kill the aphid, but as the insecticides wear off over time, new invading aphids will continue to transmit virus.
Current aphid populations are very low, and spring wheat and barley should escape early infection. Reducing infection in the fall-planted grain includes adjusted (later) planting dates to avoid peak aphid activity, however, many of the currently infected fields were not planted early, but were simply actively growing during a long fall that had no killing frosts until well into December.
References:
Compendium of Wheat Diseases and Pests, 3rd Edition. APS Press. 2010.
Compendium of Barley Diseases, 2nd Edition. APS Press. 1997.
» Fig 1. BYDV infected winter barley near Murtaugh. May 2013.
» Figure 2. BYDV infected winter barley plants near a wheel track of a pivot line.
approaching sugar beet root maggot threshold in Rupert/Paul
Sugarbeets All Locations
sugar beet root maggot
Posted on: May 9, 2013 by Erik Wenninger
The degree day calculator (hosted by the Integrated Plant Protection Center at Oregon State University) for the sugar beet root maggot fly shows that—depending on your location in the Magic Valley—we have accumulated more than 200 degree days since March 1, 2010. Peak flight of root maggot flies should occur after 360 accumulated degree days when the maximum high temperature exceeds 80 degrees F. In the Mini-Cassia area, this usually occurs around the 2nd of June, but with warm weather this year, peak flight in Rupert may occur by midweek next week.
Monitoring flies adjacent to your sugar beet fields using orange sticky stake traps will provide even more useful information regarding the local population densities of flies. The Amalgamated Sugar Company monitors flies with sticky stake traps throughout the Mini-Cassia area and posts the counts on their website: http://www.srcoop.com/ The economic threshold for application of granular insecticides against root maggots is an accumulative total of 40-50 sugar beet root maggot flies per sticky stake trap (the threshold varies depending on your contract price per ton). In the Mini-Cassia area, which historically has had high root maggot pressure, growers should consider an insecticide application 10 days before exceeding threshold captures on sticky stakes. Otherwise, insecticide applications should be made within 10 days before or after reaching the threshold (the closer to the threshold date, the better). Activation of granular insecticides should be accomplished by irrigation as soon after application as possible. See University of Idaho publication CIS 999, IPM Guide to Sugar Beet Root Maggot: http://www.uiweb.uidaho.edu/sugarbeet/insc/sbmaggot.htm
You can monitor degree day accumulation for sugar beet root maggots as follows:
1) Log onto: http://uspest.org/cgi-bin/ddmodel.pl?spp=srm
2) Select “Sugarbeet Root Maggot Bechinski et al. 1990” degree day model from the “Select degree day model….” drop down box at the top of the form
3) In the “Select location” box, select a location in the drop down box best describing your location (e.g. “RUPERT id agmet” in the “Washington, Idaho” box if you want information for a field near Rupert). Make sure to select “None” at the top of the lists in the other two location boxes.
4) Leave the “Or upload your own…” box blank
5) In the “Forecast:” area, enter your zip code or your city, state in the “NWS zipcode/city, state” box, or the location nearest your field from the “or weather.com site” drop down box to the right). This selection forecasts 7 days forward based on the local weather forecast (beyond 7 days the forecast is based on the historical average). The predicted date of peak fly flight will vary depending on the forecast location selected, so pick the one closest to your location. Select “none” to have the forecast based only on the historical average.
6) Select the location nearest your field in the “Select historical average forecast location” area. Your selection here should match, as close as possible, your selection in the “Select location” area above: there may not be an exact match. As above, select “none” in the other two boxes.
7) Make sure the “Table” and “graph” boxes are checked (and the “precipitation” if you want rainfall information) and click the “Calc” button. A table with the current degree day accumulations matching your selection should appear. There should also be a graph near the bottom showing the current year accumulation compared to the historical average for your selections.
Onion Thrips
Onion Treasure Valley
Onion Thrips
Posted on: May 8, 2013 by Stuart Reitz
Onion Thrips – A check of the onion fields at the Malheur Experiment Station and surrounding grower fields showed an average of almost 1 thrips per plant. Most thrips found were adults, but larvae were also observed on several plants. With the warm weather that is forecast for the next 7 - 10 days, thrips populations may build very rapidly. This would be a good time for growers to begin scouting fields for thrips activity.
U-Idaho 2013 potato psyllid and ZC recommendations
All Crops All Locations
potato psyllids and ZC
Posted on: May 7, 2013 by Erik Wenninger
Click on the link below to see the 2013 Idaho recommendations for potato psyllids and zebra chip, a brief summary of 2012 findings, and the monitoring plans for 2013.
Recommendations were a collaborative effort of Erik Wenninger, Nora Olsen, Phil Nolte, and Mike Thornton of the University of Idaho; Jeff Miller of Miller Research; Andy Jensen of the Idaho, Washington, and Oregon Potato Commissions.
Scab and Fireblight
Tree Fruits All Locations
Apple Scab and Fire Blight coming soon!
Posted on: May 6, 2013 by Tony McCammon
Apple scab infections also can occur when leaf wetness extends for as little as six hours in temperatures around 70 degrees. Southern Idaho has not had large outbreaks of scab over the past several years due to the reduction of overhead sprinkler use. If you have had a bad scab year in the past two or three years you might consider treating your trees this week and changing your irrigation system in the future.
Fire Blight infections occur when leaf wetness or high humidity accompany a temperature around 65 degrees or higher for a 24 hour period. The forecast of thunderstorms and moderate temperatures this coming weekend could prove dangerous for your trees. Forecasts rate the likelihood of infection as EXTREMELY HIGH. Have an antibiotic such as serenade or agri-mycin on hand. Homeowners can use blight ban or Mico-shield. If you do not choose to control fire blight at this time monitor very closely for new infections and prune them out. They usually show up within 7 to 14 days.
In both cases young trees are more susceptible than older trees. And young flowers are more susceptible than older flowers.
cereal leaf beetle
All Crops Treasure Valley
cereal leaf beetle
Posted on: May 3, 2013 by Jerry Neufeld
I was at the UI Parma Research and Extension Center yesterday and was doing some scouting in the winter wheat. I found cereal leaf beetle adults in the wheat, so egg laying will begin in the very near future. Cereal leaf beetle have not been a big problem the past few years, but It is still a good idea to scout for CLB eggs as an indication of potential larvae populations. Spring planted grains are preferred by CLB over winter planted grains. Click on the pdf images below to see the CLB control recommendations from the 2013 PNW Insect Management Handbook and to see images of the CLB life stages. Also, click on the link below to read CIS 994 titled “Cereal Leaf Beetle” from the University of Idaho.
New potato information guides
Potato All Locations
Posted on: May 2, 2013 by Nora Olsen
The University of Idaho has recently published three potato related extension bulletins.
- 'Portable test kits for diagnosing potato disease' available at www.cals.uidaho.edu/edcomm/pdf/BUL/BUL0883.pdf
This bulletin highlights the use and accuracy of commercially available pathogen test kits for diagnosing disease in the field and storage. Multiple test kits for numerous diseases, such as PVY and Pythium, were used, assessed and compared to results from traditional diagnostic methods. Ease of test kit use and storage was also assessed and discussed. Overall, the test kits did a good job of accurately identifying the pathogen causing the problem, and in some cases, ruling out potential pathogens. They are relatively easy to use and can typically provide a result within 3 to 5 minutes. They are portable for use in the field, storage or office.
- 'Superficial growth on potatoes' available at www.cals.uidaho.edu/edcomm/pdf/CIS/CIS1191.pdf
This bulletin outlines factors that may promote superficial growth of non-pathogenic fungi and bacteria that can grow on the surface of a potato. Management practices to reduce the potential for superficial growth are also discussed.
- 'Storage Management of Blazer Russet Potatoes' available at www.cals.uidaho.edu/edcomm/pdf/CIS/CIS1192.pdf
This bulletin describes best storage management practices for 'Blazer Russet' released in 2005 by the USDA ARS and the agricultural experiment stations of Idaho, Oregon, and Washington. This is an early-maturing and high-yielding variety acceptable for fresh market or early season processing. This variety has acceptable fry color when stored at 48F and has a shorter dormancy length than Russet Burbank.
lygus
All Crops Treasure Valley
lygus
Posted on: May 2, 2013 by Jerry Neufeld
The Lygus degree day calculator hosted by Integrated Plant Protection Center at Oregon State University and the IPM Centers - PNW Coalition (http://pnwpest.org/cgi-bin/ddmodel.pl?spp=lyg) shows that, depending on your location in the Treasure Valley, we have accumulated just over 180 degree days since January 1, 2013. Peak emergence of lygus bug 1st and 2nd instar nymphs should occur right around 272 accumulated degree days: this usually occurs around mid-May, and is the time monitoring for lygus bugs in alfalfa seed fields should begin. Right now that is predicted to occur on about during the second week of May 8 or 9).
When using most insecticides, fields should be treated when numbers of lygus bugs reach 4-5 lygus bug nymphs per 180 degree sweep. Growers using Assail, or Beleaf, as stand-alone sprays probably should treat before 4th instar nymphs are detected. You can monitor degree day accumulation using the link provided above as follows:
1) Selecting “ lygus bug [alfalfa seed]Ben Simko 2000” degree day model from the “Select degree day model….” drop down box at the top of the form
2) In the “Select location” box, select a location in the drop down box best describing your location (e.g. “Parma experiment st am i” in the “Washington, Idaho” box if you want information for a field near Parma). Make sure to select “None” at the top of the lists in the other two location boxes.
3) Leave the “Or upload your own weather data…” box blank
4) In the “Forecast:”, enter your zip code or your city, state in the “NWS zip code/city, state” box, or the location nearest your field from the “or weather.com site” drop down box to the right). This selection forecasts 7 days forward based on the local weather forecast (beyond 7 days the forecast is based on the historical average). The predicted date of peak 1st and 2nd instar will vary depending on the forecast location selected, so pick the one closest to your location. Select “none” to have the forecast based only on the historical average.
5) Select the location nearest your field in the “Select historical average forecast location” area. Your selection here should match, as close as possible, your selection in the “Select location” area above: there may not be an exact match. For Idaho and eastern OR, this will be the middle box. As above, select “none” in the other two boxes.
6) Make sure the “Table” and “graph” boxes are checked (and the “precipitation” if you want rainfall information) and click the “Calc” button. A table with the current degree day accumulations matching your selection should appear. There should also be a graph near the bottom showing the current year accumulation compared to the historical average for your selections.
Additional updates will be posted as the 272 degree day accumulation target approaches.
sugarbeet root maggot
All Crops Treasure Valley
sugarbeet root maggot
Posted on: May 1, 2013 by Jerry Neufeld
The degree day calculator (hosted by the Integrated Plant Protection Center at Oregon State University) for the sugar beet root maggot fly shows that—depending on your location in the Treasure Valley—we have accumulated 262 degree days since March 1, 2014. Peak flight of root maggot flies should occur after 360 accumulated degree days when the maximum high temperature exceeds 80 degrees F. In the Treasure Valley this will be about May 6. Root maggot flies will lay eggs near sugarbeet plants. After the larvae hatch they will begin feeding on the young sugarbeets. AMSCO representatives have not seen any adult flies yet. Look for these pests to appear in the western end of the Treasure Valley first. If you haven’t applied a treatment for sugarbeet root maggot, now is the time to do so. Consult your field representative from AMSCO for treatment options.
Fruit Advisory Newsletter - Issue 2
Tree Fruits All Locations
Posted on: April 30, 2013 by Tony McCammon
In this issue, I have updated the Degree days for South Western, Southern, and added Eastern Idaho. Between 5-8 percent of adults moths have emerged. Fire Blight infection is likely this week, Cherry mildew is a concern, and leafrollers are in their 4th instar. Shothole disease is also making its rounds again.
Please email me if you have any articles you would like researched or ideas to make this newsletter better and more usable. tonym@uidaho.edu www.hortmagic.org
Fruit Advisory newsletter - Issue 2
Small Fruits All Locations
Codling Moth, Fireblight, Cherry Mildew, and Leafroller
Posted on: April 30, 2013 by Tony McCammon
In this issue, I have updated the Degree days for South Western, Southern, and added Eastern Idaho. Between 5-8 percent of adults moths have emerged. Fire Blight infection is likely this week, Cherry mildew is a concern, and leafrollers are in their 4th instar. Shothole disease is also making its rounds again.
Please email me if you have any articles you would like researched or ideas to make this newsletter better and more usable. tonym@uidaho.edu www.hortmagic.org
potato psyllid identification and trapping workshops
All Crops All Locations
potato psyllid
Posted on: April 22, 2013 by Jerry Neufeld
Just want to remind everyone about the Potato Psyllid trapping and identification workshop from 1 to 3 pm today at the UI Parma R and E Center.
Potato Psyllid trapping and identification workshops will be held across Idaho in late May. There will be a workshop on May 28 at the UI Parma R and E Center, on May 29 at Miller Research in Rupert, and on May 30 at the UI Idaho Falls R and E Center. For more information, including times, click on the pdf below which will bring up the April 19, 2013 edition of the Potato Progress edited by Andrew Jensen.
Fruit Advisory
All Crops All Locations
Frost, Codling Moth, Fireblight
Posted on: April 16, 2013 by Tony McCammon
First issue of the year:
Frost protection and tables for determining frost damage
Degree Day Temperature notifications
Fertilizing Brambles and Grapes
Order your Intermountain Fruit Tree Guide
Codling Moth Biofix and trapping
Potato psyllids found in the Magic Valley
Potato Magic Valley
potato psyllids and ZC
Posted on: April 12, 2013 by Erik Wenninger
Several natural or semi-natural areas near Twin Falls are being monitored during the winter for potato psyllids. Sites were selected near watercourses where the alternative host plant bitter nightshade is found. Thus far, no psyllids have been found in direct inspection of plants; however, two adult potato psyllids were found on a yellow sticky trap near Shoshone Falls in late March. Whether these psyllids overwintered or have migrated to our area is unknown. They will be tested for liberibacter, the bacterium that causes ZC, and monitoring efforts will continue through the season. More information on potato psyllids and ZC can be found below.
