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2021 Billbug Grub Control

General Landscape and Garden    Treasure Valley

Billbug Grub

Posted on: May 12, 2021 by Nic Usabel

The term grub is used to designate the larvae of lawn damaging insects. In Idaho, the most common and destructive is the billbug. There are four species of billbug in Idaho: Bluegrass, Rocky Mountain, Phoenix, and Hunting.

Current degree day modeling indicates that 30% of adult billbugs are present with a forecasted 50% adult billbug activity on May 26. If you commonly experience billbug damage, your neighborhood experiences billbug damage, or you have Kentucky Bluegrass this timeframe can be used to apply a systemic insecticide for controlling billbugs if you desire.

Nonchemical control methods include selecting turf varieties of tall fescue, fine fescue, and perennial ryegrass. Select endophytic cultivar(s) in which a fungus produces a compound toxic to grubs.

Systemic insecticide control is most effective. Choose a product that lists one of the following active ingredients: chlorantraniliprole, clothianidan, imidacloprid, or thiamethoxam. Follow label instructions to ensure safety and success.

2021 Apple Codling Moth, First Generation

General Landscape and Garden    Treasure Valley

Codling Moth Cydia pomonella

Posted on: May 12, 2021 by Nic Usabel

The first apple codling moths were trapped at the end of April (Biofix on April 26). Currently the degree day model is reporting 138 degree days (DD) as of May 11. There are different management options to consider when controlling this pest.

Option A: Starting at 200 DD, forecasted to be May 15, apply a mixture of water and horticultural oil at 1% concentration to smother egg infestation. Follow with first application of insecticide at 350 DD. Reapply insecticides based on the protection interval stated on the label.

Option B: Starting at 220-250 DD, forecasted to be May 17, apply insecticides that target newly hatched larvae. Reapply insecticides based on the protection interval stated on the label.

Reference publication links to view insecticide options for commercial or residential sites. Commercial products with the active ingredients including; spinetoram, acetamiprid, chlorantraniliprole, etc. Residential products with active ingredients including; lambda-cyhalothrin (restricted use pesticide), or esfenvalerate and Spinosad (general-use pesticides).

Cultural control options include bagging the fruit once the fruit is ½ to ¾ inches in diameter. An insecticide application may be required before bags are applied to prevent early infestation. For a home /small orchard remove and dispose of young, damaged fruit by checking regularly. Placement of corrugated bands of carboard around the lower trunk can attract larvae looking for a place to pupate. Place bands in May and remove before adults begin to emerge in June.

This pest needs prevention all season long for clean fruit.

Ag Talk Tuesday Resume TOMORROW May 4

All Crops    All Locations

Posted on: May 3, 2021 by Kasia Duellman

Ag Talk Tuesday resumes tomorrow May 4, 11AM to 1PM (MDT).

All sessions will be held on the first and third Tuesdays, May through August.

Registration is required. Register here:  https://uidaho.zoom.us/meeting/register/tZ0pd-ugrzktHdEEbqB3aHk3rlJLgCeSkCLz

For more information and a schedule of topics, please visit our website: https://www.uidaho.edu/extension/news/ag-talk-tuesday 

2021 Lilac-Ash Borer

General Landscape and Garden    Treasure Valley

Lilac-Ash Borer Podosesia syringae

Posted on: April 30, 2021 by Nic Usabel

The lilac-ash borer (Podosesia syringae), a clear-wing moth, can be a destructive pest for many species of ash (Fraxinus spp.), previt (Ligustrum spp.), lilac (Sryinga spp.).

The Lilac-ash borers have been caught in traps. Adults are short-lived and typically deposit all eggs within a week after emergence. The first spray should be applied 10-20 days after adult emergence, approximately May 10, before the larvae bore into the trunk. Spray should be applied to the trunk and larger limbs, follow label instructions for application and reapplication depending insecticide selected.

Primary insecticides include permethrin (group 3A), bifenthrin (group 3A) and endosulfan (restricted use; group 2A). Please note that imidacloprid (group 4A), a systemic insecticide, is ineffective against lilac-ash borer and should not be used.

Diversifying species in the landscape, maintaining optimum plant health, monitoring, and preventive sprays (if necessary) are the best methods for preventing infestations. Only preventative treatments exist.

ISDA Pesticide Disposal Program for Spring 2021

All Crops    Treasure Valley - Idaho

Posted on: April 27, 2021 by Jerry Neufeld

Idaho State Department of Agriculture will be hosting a pesticide disposal program at various locations in May.  Click on the pdf below for more information.


Ag Talk Tuesday resumes!

All Crops    All Locations

Ag Talk Tuesday

Posted on: April 23, 2021 by Juliet Marshall

Greetings!

We are excited to announce that the University of Idaho Extension's Ag Talk Tuesday sessions will resume May 4 for the 2021 season. 

As usual, these sessions will be held on the first and third Tuesdays of May, June, July and August, from 11AM to 1PM (MDT).

You can find a schedule (subject to change) and more information on our website: https://www.uidaho.edu/extension/news/ag-talk-tuesday


Registration is required to attend. You only need to register once to attend all sessions. Once you register, information on how to attend via Zoom or by calling in by phone will be sent to you in a separate email. 


To register, click this link (or copy and paste it into your web browser): https://uidaho.zoom.us/meeting/register/tZ0pd-ugrzktHdEEbqB3aHk3rlJLgCeSkCLz.


Please join us starting May 4 at 11 AM (MDT) for these online, live, interactive sessions that focus on agriculture - current season issues related to pests, diseases, weeds, diagnostics, soil health, irrigation, agronomy & more along with featured topics and guest speakers.


For questions, please contact one of the organizers: Kasia Duellman (kduellman@uidaho.edu), Pam Hutchinson (phutch@uidaho.edu), or Juliet Marshall (jmarshall@uidaho.edu).



--------------------------------------

KASIA M. DUELLMAN, Ph.D.
Assistant Professor and Extension Seed Potato Specialist

College of Agricultural and Life Sciences
Entomology, Plant Pathology and Nematology
kduellman@uidaho.edu

webpages.uidaho.edu/extension-seed-potato/

208-757-5476  |  701-793-9456 (Cell)
U of I Idaho Falls | 1776 Science Center Drive, Suite 205  |  Idaho Falls ID 83402   |  United States

2021 Idaho Master Gardener Plant Diagnostic Clinics & Plant Sales

General Landscape and Garden    Treasure Valley

Posted on: April 17, 2021 by Nic Usabel

Plant Diagnostic Clinic:

Many University of Idaho Extension offices offer a free plant
diagnostic clinic where certified Idaho Master Gardener volunteers help answer
clientele questions. Here are the details that were shared with the PNW Pest Alert
Network.

Don’t see your county listed? Use the first link below to
find all county locations in Idaho.

Spring Garden Plant Sale:

  • UI Extension, Ada County (Boise, ID): Let’s get growing! The
    University of Idaho Annual Master Gardener Plant Sale will be held Saturday,
    May 1st from 9:00 a.m. to 12:00 p.m., at the Ada County Extension Office, 5880
    Glenwood Street, Boise. Offerings include houseplants, herbs, vegetables, and
    berries, flowering perennials, gardening books, and so much more. Cash or check
    only. Please no early birds. For more information, call the Master Gardeners at
    (208) 287-5900. Come join the fun!
  • UI Extension, Canyon County (Caldwell, ID): Searching for
    new plants to add to your garden or landscape? The University of Idaho Canyon
    County Master Gardener Spring Garden Plant Sale will be held on Saturday, April
    24th from 9:00 AM to 1:00 PM, at Canyon County Extension Office, 501 Main
    Street, Caldwell. New this year will be the virtual pre-sale opening Monday,
    April 19 and closing Friday, April 23. Items can be pre-ordered at https://bit.ly/ccmgstore and are available
    for pick up Saturday, April 24 from 9:30 AM to 11:30 AM. Available plants
    include vegetables, herbs, houseplants, succulents, flowering perennials,
    native plants, and so much more. Join in the fun! For More information, call UI
    Extension, Canyon County at (208) 459-6003.


2021 Rose & Grapevine Pruning

General Landscape and Garden    Treasure Valley

Posted on: April 2, 2021 by Nic Usabel

It’s time to prune roses and grapevines in the Treasure Valley. The cold temperatures are milder, and the forsythia is in full bloom.

ROSES:
For a guide to pruning roses click the first link below. For a video tutorial click the second link below.

GRAPEVINES:
The University of Idaho Research & Extension Center in Parma recommends pruning grapevines in the Treasure Valley no sooner than mid-March to ensure that low temperatures do not kill buds after pruning. Grapevines can “bleed”, movement of sap from the cut, heavily when pruned in spring. This does not harm the vines. For a pruning guide on grapevines click the third link below. For a video tutorial click the fourth link below.

Additional sources not provided in the links below include Grapevine Management from Utah State University at https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2672&context=extension_curall and Pruning Roses from Colorado State University at https://planttalk.colostate.edu/topics/trees-shrubs-vines/1763-pruning-roses/.

For additional questions on rose or grapevine pruning reach out to a local University of Idaho Extension office. Find your county office by visiting https://www.extension.uidaho.edu/find.aspx.

2021 Hard Frost Forecasted

General Landscape and Garden    Treasure Valley

Posted on: March 29, 2021 by Ruth Givens

Hard frost is forecasted for Monday 3/29 and Tuesday 3/30 nights. If fruit trees are blooming cover to protect fruit. Uncover during the day. For more details see the link below.

2021 Mosquito Management Webinar

General Landscape and Garden    Treasure Valley

Posted on: March 29, 2021 by Nic Usabel

A free virtual webinar titled "Mosquito Management: An Integrated Approach" will be hosted by University of Idaho Extension, Canyon County on Tuesday, April 13 2021 at 6 PM MDT.

In this webinar James Lunders, District Director for Canyon County Mosquito Abatement District, will discuss control of larval and adult mosquitos, surveillance of mosquito borne diseases, and how to protect yourself, pets, and livestock.

Registration should be completed at https://bit.ly/2Cmosquito

To see the flyer visit http://bit.ly/2QosdEE

2021 Spring Lawn Fertilization & Care

General Landscape and Garden    Treasure Valley

Posted on: March 15, 2021 by Nic Usabel

Spring lawn fertilization for cool season grasses recommend that fertilization be made while energy is being directed to root growth, which follows with leaf growth. This timeframe for cool season turf in the Treasure Valley traditionally March thru early May. If mulching is a practice in your lawn maintenance plan, nitrogen can be reduced by ½ pound annually. Attend a “Lawn Care for Success” class to learn more about maintenance, fertilization, and watering. Click the link https://bit.ly/21Lawn2C to register for the class.

The proper rate of fertilizer application is best achieved when using a soil test result to identify the fertilizer needs of the soil. Use the second link below to access a publication to help calculate rate of fertilizer application for the lawn. Applications should be split between spring and fall. Application rates should not exceed 1 pound of nitrogen per 1,000 square feet in any one application, access the third link below to review the publication to identify additional time(s) for application if rate would exceed the 1 pound of nitrogen per 1,000 square feet limit with only and spring and fall application. Always follow label directions.

For more information on how to obtain a soil sample to a soil test submission contact your local University of Idaho Extension office. Contact information can be found at https://www.extension.uidaho.edu/find.aspx

Another method of identifying application rate is based on the level of turf maintenance from low to high traffic. Application rates should not exceed 1 pound of nitrogen per 1,000 square feet in any fertilizer application and always follow label directions. Review descriptions, timing, and rate of application below.

1. Light use is classified as occasional foot traffic or little to no play from children. Annual turfgrass recommendation is 0-1 pound of nitrogen per 1,000 square feet. Split the application between a spring and fall application.

2. Moderate Use: Typical children’s play and occasional garden parties. Annual turfgrass recommendation is 2-3 pounds of nitrogen per 1,000 square feet. Split the application equally between a spring, early fall (late September) and late fall (Mid October to Late November)

3. Heavy Use: Frequently used sports field play, heavy traffic and/or frequent garden parties. Annual turfgrass recommendation is 4-6 pounds of nitrogen per 1,000 square feet. Apply 1 pound of nitrogen per 1,000 square feet in spring, 0.5 pound of nitrogen per 1,000 square feet late May/early June, 0.5 pound of nitrogen per 1,000 square feet late June/early July, 1 pound of nitrogen per 1,000 square feet early fall (late September) and 1 pound of nitrogen per 1,000 square feet late fall (Mid October to Late November).

If your lawn is suffering from soil compaction or development of a thick thatch layer core aeration can be completed in the spring but is preferred in fall while weed pressure will be reduced. For more information on core aeration reference the fourth publication link below.

Spring provides the opportunity to seed new turfgrass areas or to over-seed areas that may have been damaged over the winter. Cool temperatures will promote germination and growth of cool season turf species, tall and fine fescues, perennial ryegrass, and Kentucky bluegrass. Weed pressure can be higher this time of year so consider your weed control options or consider overseeding in the fall. Select pest resistant or recommended turfgrass cultivars when possible.

If there are additional questions on lawn care or weed management reach out to a local University of Idaho Extension office.

Educational Video-Monitor Flying Insects to Improve Management

All Crops    All Locations

Posted on: March 3, 2021 by Jason Thomas

Do you know what types of insects are entering your field and garden at different times of the year? Would you like more information to help you decide when to implement pest control actions? The University of Idaho Extension just recently released this 5 minute video to demonstrate a way to monitor for flying insects entering your crop or garden. Click the link below to watch.

https://youtu.be/9C-V09gDfY8

Monitoring insects entering your field/garden can help you know when to take specific control actions. For example, in seed potato production it is a critical practice to help us monitor when aphids potentially harboring viruses enter a field. The traps do most of the work for you. You just have to check it every so often and maintain it over the growing season. Utilizing traps can be a helpful way to implement integrated pest management into your operation.

For other insect trapping/monitoring ideas the following demonstrational videos may be helpful:

Pit Fall Traps (For walking/ground insects): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4k7I4cdKnMI

Collecting Insects with a Wet Shovel (For Small Crop Pests Like Thrips): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jC1g8QJDTYk

Jason Thomas
Extension Educator & Entomologist, U of I Extension
85 E Baseline Rd, Rupert, ID 83350
jasont@uidaho.edu

Chlorpyrifos Survey

All Crops    All Locations

Posted on: February 21, 2021 by Stuart Reitz

Please help us gather valuable information about chlorpyrifos (Lorsban and related insecticide products).

Restrictions on the use of chlorpyrifos and the complete revocation of its registration are under way. Our team has initiated a cross-commodity collaborative research project to identify viable options as alternatives to chlorpyrifos. Research will be conducted at several locations in Oregon to determine the efficacy of currently registered chemistries and newer products in onion, corn, cherries, grass seed, and clover seed. This survey will provide critical information on the use of chlorpyrifos across all crops and will help us identify issues to improve our research project.
https://oregonstate.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_28ZDP4ZJ282CcES
Survey participants are eligible for a $25 gift card.

If you have questions or comments about the project, please contact Silvia Rondon, Project Leader, OSU Hermiston Agricultural Research and Extension Center, 541-567-8321, silvia.rondon@oregonstate.edu.

Sent on behalf of project team: Silvia Rondon, Stuart Reitz, Navneet Kaur, Daniel Lightle, and Chris Adams.

Thank you for your assistance,

Research and Outreach Programming for Pulse Crops

All Crops    All Locations

Posted on: February 9, 2021 by Jerry Neufeld

Montana State University needs your help to improve our research and outreach programing for pulse crops. We’ve created a survey to help us collect information that will directly impact what we research, how we develop our future programming, and also increase our ability to apply for pulse crop research funding.

The survey should take about 10 minutes to complete. You can use your phone, computer, or tablet.

Your responses are completely anonymous – we have no way of connecting people to answers. Also, the data we collect are always aggregated (all answers summarized together), so that individual responses are never seen by anyone but the researchers.

Here’s a link to the survey: https://bit.ly/Pulses2021; you can copy it into your browser.

If you have any questions about the survey or our research, please don’t hesitate to contact Mary Burrows at mburrows@montana.edu or my research associate at monica.brelsford@montana.edu or by phone at (406) 994-5155.

Thank you for helping out research and Extension!

2021 Peach Leaf Curl Delayed-Dormant Spring Application

General Landscape and Garden    Treasure Valley

Peach leaf curl (Taphrina deformans)

Posted on: February 6, 2021 by Nic Usabel

If you experienced peach leaf curl on peach or nectarine trees during the 2020 growing season and did not treat in the fall a delayed-dormant application before floral buds open is recommended to help with control.

DESCRIPTION: Peach leaf curl caused by fungus Taphrina deformans and is specific to peaches and nectarines. Trees that are infected will have leaves that are distorted or curl, appear blistered, and develop a yellow or red color.

CONTROL: Spray with an approved fungicide such as lime sulfur or copper-based fungicide. More chemical options listed by viewing the PNW handbook link below. Apply according to label directions and instructions. Cultural control for backyard growers includes removal of infected leaves that have fallen and selecting resistant cultivars.

If you have additional questions, contact your local University of Idaho Extension office at https://www.extension.uidaho.edu/find.aspx.

2021 Pruning Deciduous Trees & Shrubs

General Landscape and Garden    Treasure Valley

Posted on: January 30, 2021 by Nic Usabel

It is time to prune deciduous trees (landscape & fruit) and shrubs. As a general guide remove no more than one-third of the tree when pruning. Reference the first and third link for pruning deciduous trees and for a video reference the fourth link. Reference the second link for fruit trees.

Prune shrub species which grow on the current season’s growth during the dormant period, usually late winter early spring. A few examples of flowering shrubs in this grouping including butterfly bush, heather, heavenly bamboo, hydrangea, shrubby roses and rose of sharon. Reference the third link for more information.

For shrub species which form buds on last season’s growth prune these species within about two months after the flowers fade. On these species, flower buds form in late summer and early fall. Winter pruning decreases the number of flowers the following spring as branches containing flower buds are removed. A few examples of flowering shrubs in this grouping include azaleas, lilac, magnolia, mockorange, serviceberry, and witchhazel. Reference the third link for more information.

For most areas of Idaho, plants that bloom before June 1 formed the flowers the previous year on old wood. Those that bloom after June 1 form flowers on new growth. Keep in mind that this is only a rough guideline.

For classes on pruning in the Treasure Valley see the attached file.

If you have additional questions, contact your local UI Extension office. To search by county visit https://www.extension.uidaho.edu/find.aspx

2021 Delayed-Dormant Oil Application

General Landscape and Garden    Treasure Valley

Posted on: January 30, 2021 by Nic Usabel

The use of horticultural oil as a dormant spray can target many insect pests at a time when beneficial insects are not yet active. Even though we refer to it as dormant oil, the application is not when trees are still dormant. A better term is a delayed-dormant application because the oil should be applied after bud swell. This coincides with the increasing activity of the overwintering insect stages, such as aphid eggs, scale nymphs, and peach twig borer larvae.

WHEN TO SPRAY: Two factors must correspond – temperature and bud stage.

TEMPERATURE: Only apply oil if temperatures remain above 40°F for 24 hours after application. With ideal conditions oil should be applied on a clear, non-windy day in the 50 to 70°F temperature range.

BUD STAGE: The window of application extends from bud swell to when the leaves just start emerging. The last point you can safely apply oil based on fruit tree crop are Apple: Half-inch green, but ideal application at green tip stage. Pear: Cluster bud. Cherry: White bud. Peach/nectarine: pre-bloom. Refer to the first link below for pictures of bud stage.

Oil should be applied at a rate of 2% (5 Tbs in 1 gallon water) and thoroughly cover all cracks and crevices. If aphids and scale have been a serious problem in previous years an insecticide could be added, see second link for chemical products listed by pest. Read and follow label instructions for preparation and application.

If you have additional questions, contact your local UI Extension office. Reference the third link to search by county.

2021 Miller Research Potato Disease Management Seminars

Potato    All Locations

Posted on: January 28, 2021 by Jeff Miller

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, Miller Research will not be holding its annual Potato Pest Management Meeting. Instead, we will be having four 1-hour virtual seminars where we will discuss four different topics related to potato disease management. One CCA (integrated pest management) credit and one ISDA pesticide recertification credit have been awarded for each session. You will be required to answer some participation questions in order to get the ISDA credit. Each session will run from 12:00 noon to 1:00 pm. Registration is free.

Meetings will be held by Zoom and registration is required separately for each session. To register for each session, click on the link. You will be taken to a page where you need to enter your name and email address. After successfully registering, you will receive a confirmation email that contains the link to log into the session.

Pre-License Online Training

All Crops    All Locations

Posted on: January 27, 2021 by Jerry Neufeld

The University of Idaho will be conducting an online Pre-License Training for those people wanting to receive training prior to taking the examinations for a pesticide applicator license. Click on the pdf below for more information.

2021 Virtual Bean School

Dry Beans    All Locations

Posted on: January 12, 2021 by Jerry Neufeld

The 2021 Treasure Valley and Magic Valley Bean Schools will be virtual this year. The Bean School will be held January 27 and 28 in the morning. There will be 2 Idaho pesticide licenses credits available. Click on the pdf below for more information.

Idaho and Eastern Oregon Onion Crop Protection Zoom Meeting

All Crops    All Locations

Posted on: January 6, 2021 by Jerry Neufeld

The Idaho and Eastern Oregon Onion Crop Protection Meeting will be on Zoom this year. It will be held Tuesday, February 2nd from 9 am to 12 pm. Click on the pdf below for the link and more information. There will be one Idaho license credit.

Virtual Idaho Potato Conference January 19-21, 2021

Potato    All Locations

Idaho Potato Conference

Posted on: January 4, 2021 by Nora Olsen

Registration is open! Plan to attend the 53rd annual Idaho Potato Conference January 19-21, 2021. Given the unusual times of a global pandemic, the Idaho Potato Conference shifted from the annual in-person conference held in Pocatello to three days of virtual presentations. The 20-minute pre-recorded presentations with an additional 5 minutes of live Q and A will be given throughout the morning of each day (8 am to noon MT). In addition, 5-minute updates by leading potato industry companies will be included each day.
Spanish Language Session will also be offered virtually for 2021. This session will be held from 1 to 3 pm on January 19th. Topics in Spanish will include reducing bruise, grading potatoes, common storage disease and much more. There will be short videos and live discussions led by University of Idaho extension educators Joseph Sagers and Jason Thomas.
Highlights for this year’s three-day virtual conference include:
• The virtual format allows us to invite many of our colleagues from outside of Idaho. We are pleased to have
o Dr. Paul Bethke from USDA-ARS in Wisconsin to discuss “Tuber lenticels”— what is their function and why do they become enlarged?
o Dr. Andy Robinson from North Dakota University/University of Minnesota – to elaborate on the seasonal topic of “Managing brown center and hollow heart”
o Dr. Ken Frost from Oregon State University will provide a much-needed summary on the “Blackleg/soft rot disease in potatoes”
o Dr. Mark Pavek from Washington State University will provide “Cultural management updates on Clearwater Russet and Alturas” and his graduate student Francisco Gonzalez will provide new (and old) information on “Measuring soil moisture in potato fields”
• The remainder of the 20-minute presentations will focus on a wide variety of topics:
o Changes in potato quality during packing and shipping
o Factors that impact development of bruises
o Analyzing the annual Idaho potato price change during crop transition
o What makes new varieties better than Burbank?
o Susceptibility of russet cultivars to common potato diseases
o Learning to use growth regulators
o Managing early die in potatoes
o Best management practices for pink rot and Pythium leak
o Soil-borne diseases – what causes them and what you can do about it
o Potato Mop Top virus (PMTV) and other viruses
o Diagnosing and predicting foliar diseases in Idaho
o What happened to Zebra Chip in ID?
o Variety reaction to Zebra Chip and interaction with PVY
o Volunteer potato control
o Using plant-pest interactions to build resistance
o What does healthy soil look like in Southern Idaho?
o Sustainability and the potato industry: working together to meet customer and consumer demands
o Idaho Potato Commission update

Idaho Pesticide License Recertification credits (3) will be available on January 20th. Attendees are required by ISDA to pass a short on-line quiz to receive credits.
Registration is free, but you must register in advance—including the Spanish language session. Additional details regarding the agenda, topics, and registration can be found at the conference website www.uidaho.edu/cals/potatoes/news/idaho-potato-conference.

PNWPestAlert.net surveys

Announcements    All Locations

Posted on: December 21, 2020 by Jerry Neufeld

Thanks to everyone that completed a 2020 PestAlert.net survey. Mia, Cody and Tom were randomly selected for the Amazon gift cards. They will be put in the mail today.

2020 Protecting Trees from Sunscald

General Landscape and Garden    Treasure Valley

Posted on: November 18, 2020 by Nic Usabel

Sunscald or southwest winter injury happens during the winter. Intense direct and reflected sunlight will activate tissues under the bark. At night, temperatures fall, and cells freeze, causing cell death. This damage is often not noticed for a few years until the bark has split open exposing the damage below. The damaged sites are prone to attack by wood-boring insects and fungal pathogens.

Recently planted trees, young trees, and trees with thin bark are more susceptible to sunscald. Trees species which are susceptible include maple, linden, mountain-ash, honeylocust, birch, walnut, crabapple, flowering cherry, fruit trees, aspen, ash, tuliptree, and willow.

To prevent sunscald damage from occurring keep the lower trunk insulated or shaded in winter. Susceptible trees can be protected by wrapping the trunk with paper tree wrap, overlapping about 33 percent with each turn. Wrap trunks upward from the base of the tree to a point just above the lowest branch. Wrap should be removed in early spring after the risk of a hard frost has passed. If not removed the wraps can harbor insects and disease. Trunks can also be protected by placing a light-colored board to the south and west of the tree trunk. In large applications white latex paint can be diluted 1:1 with water and applied on the southwest side of the lower trunk. Landscape design and planting susceptible trees to the north and east of buildings or evergreens can help to shade the lower trunk.

Have you completed the annual survey for the Landscape & Garden section of the PNW Pest Alert Network? Complete the survey by November 20th to be entered into a drawing for an Amazon gift card. See link 3 below to access the survey.

2020 Fall Control for Coryneum Blight & Peach Leaf Curl

General Landscape and Garden    Treasure Valley

Coryneum blight (Thyrostroma carpophilum) & Peach leaf curl (Taphrina deformans)

Posted on: October 28, 2020 by Nic Usabel

Coryneum blight or commonly known as shothole disease which is caused by fungus Thyrostroma carpophilum. Trees which have been affected develop small, round, tan-to-purpleish spots which then dry and fall out of the leaf producing a shothole effect. Most cultivars of peach, nectarine, apricot, and almond are very susceptible while cherry and plum are less susceptible. In addition, ornamental plant species can show damage. Beyond the leaf, symptoms can also be seen on the current season and 1-year old fruiting wood. Infections consist of round, reddish spots which are slightly sunken.

Chemical control will occur at 50% leaf drop in late autumn by spraying with a copper-based fungicide, chlorothalonil, or Bordeaux mixture. Follow the label instructions for rate and application procedure. Prune out affected twigs when practical. Culturally control shothole disease by not allowing irrigation sprinklers to wet the tree foliage, select cultivars which are disease resistant when available, and remove and dispose of affected foliage and twigs.

Peach leaf curl caused by fungus Taphrina deformans and is specific to peaches and nectarines. Trees that are infected will have leaves that are distorted or curl, appear blistered, and develop a yellow or red color.

Control can be achieved by a single fungicide application in the fall after 90% of the leaves have fallen. Chemicals used for control are copper products or chlorothalonil. Follow the label instructions for rate and application procedure. Homeowners should also remove and dispose of infected leaves that have fallen to the ground, to remove as much inoculum as possible. Resistant varieties can be selected for additional cultural control.

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